Sesame Seed ( Til Seed ) Solvent Extraction Plant Process
We are an eminent Manufacturer and Exporter of Sesame Seed Solvent Extraction Plant with our manufacturing facilities in Ludhiana ( Punjab ), India on Turnkey Basis.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is believed to be one of the most ancient crops cultivated by humans. It was first recorded as a crop in Babylon and Assyria over 4000 years ago. The seeds of the crop are used both as condiments and oil sources.
The Babylonians made wine and cakes with sesame seeds, whereas sesame oil was used for cooking, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes. Ancient Indians used sesame oil as lighting oil, and sesame seeds were commonly used in the religious rites of Hindus. The Chinese believed that sesame seeds could promote health and longevity.
Sesame seed has higher oil content (around 50%) than most of the known oilseeds although its production is far less than the major oilseeds such as soybean or rapeseed due to labor-intensive harvesting of the seeds. Sesame oil is generally regarded as a high-priced and high-quality oil. It is one of the most stable edible oil despite its high degree of unsaturation. The presence of lignan type of natural antioxidants accounts for both the superior stability of sesame oil and the beneficial physiological effects of sesame.
China, India, Sudan, Myanmar, and Uganda are the world’s major sesame seed producing countries. In 2003, China produced 825 thousand MT of sesame seed and was the world’s largest sesame-producing country followed by India (620,000 MT)
The seed is mechanically pressed or pre-pressed to extract 50% to 75% of the Oil content in the seed before sending to solvent extraction to make the process more efficient.
Sesame Seed ( Til seed ) Processing
Specifications of Sesame Seed:
| Moisture | 5 – 6% |
| Impurities | 1- 2% |
| Hulls | – |
| Oil content | 38 – 55% |
| NOH | 45-50 |
| Protein | 17-25% |
Just like any other oil seeds the extraction of Oil from Sesame seed also follow the similar steps.
The Standard process of Solvent Extraction of Sesame seed will be done with the following steps:
Cleaning
The sesame seeds contain some legume shells, impurities, sand and stones etc. These materials are followed during the harvest at the time of collection. These impurities are to be removed for smooth Operation of the plant.
A rotary drum sieve in combination with vibratory cleaner followed by aspiration channel will be used to remove major impurities. The smaller size of the seed makes the operation very critical. The equipment are specially designed to handle smaller size seeds and perforated sheets are made with hard steel to have an extra long life.
Magnetic Separation
The incoming sesame seed may contain some kind of magnetic items during the processing of the harvest like nut bolts or any other magnetic impurities are separated from sesame seeds with help of magnetic drum.
De-stoning
The sesame seed due to tiny size may contain the same size of stones as that of seeds, it will be difficult to remove the stones through normal seed cleaning operations. These stones will be separated gravity separator under vacuum will be separated with the help of aspiration using density as the factor. The destoner removes complete stones of same size of Sesame seed. This will help the machines to reduce the maintenance cost.
Conditioning / Cooking
As explained sesame seeds are required to condition to make it soften. A vertical stack cooker or horizontal rotary cookers are used to condition the cracked seeds by heating with jacketed and live steam to 65°C to 70°C and increasing the moisture to 11% to 12%.
Method 1 : Pre Press
This is a screw press fitted with four stage cooker / conditioner. The destoned seed are send to the cooker / conditioner where the seeds are heated upto 60°C and passed through the pre-press. Where the seeds are pressed and more than 25% to 30% Oil will be drained at this stage and the cake with 15% to 18% Oil will be obtained. The cake will be discharged at 65°C will be cooled to 50°C. In case of higher size cake the breaker will be used to reduce the size of the cake to 2 to 4 inches size. The cooled and sized cake will be transferred to Solvent Extraction Process to extract the balance oil of 17% plus leaving the residual oil less than 1% in cake.
Method 2 : Full Press
Full press itself indicating that the seed is totally pressed to drain out maximum oil. The sesame seed is very tiny seed and contains 38 to 55% of oil. Due to its nature its difficult to extract the complete oil in single stage. The seed is cleaned, destoned, separated the magnetic particles and cooked then allow to the screw press 1st stage. Where some quantity of oil will be drained out leaving 15- 18% oil in the cake. The cake again passed through the second stage screw press where the oil will be drained out leaving 5-6% oil the cake. The Oil extracted through mechanical pressing is having some natural ingredients un-affected improves the nutritional factors. The sesamolin a constituent present in expelled sesame oil will help in reducing and controlling diabetes and arteries thickening. This type of method is widely used under small scale where solvent extraction is not viable. Mechanical full pressing machines available from 2.5 tons per day allows mini and micro industries set up. The filtered oil is widely accepted for human consumption. After full pressing the balance cake with 5 – 6% of will be send to solvent extraction plant for further extraction of oil leaving oil in cake to 0.5% to 0.7%.
Solvent Extraction Process
The Sesame seed can be directly solvent extracted or pressed cake or fully pressed cake. For direct solvent extraction two types of alternative processes are explained in the above. Apart from above two processes another process is there in which the mustard seeds are fully pressed and cake obtained from full press will be used to extract the balance oil 6% to 7% by using solvent extraction process. The Pre-pressed cake / expanded collets / fully pressed cake from preparatory section is carried by Redler Conveyor and fed to Extractor Either through rotary valve or Plug O Seal to extractor feed hopper incorporated with high and low level arrangement to ensure proper level of material filled in the Hope and seal for the system. The material through the intake hopper moves on the endless band conveyor chain of moving deep bed extractor and the Hexane is sprayed counter currently over the moving bed material . The solvent percolates n penetrates through the bed and dissolves oil with it. The solvent oil mixture is called as Miscella. Miscella from last hoper will be transferred to miscella holding tank through miscella filter or hydro cyclones fixed above Extractor. The de-oiled seed material with solvent is discharged from extractor discharge hopper and is transferred to desolventisor toaster through leak proof sealed solvent tight conveyor.
Pre-pressed cake as FEED
| Feed Material | Sesame Seed Cake with less than 0.5% Fines |
|---|---|
| Moisture | 8% -9 % |
| Oil Content | 20% – 22% |
Full Pressed Cake as FEED
| Feed Material | Sesame Cake with less than 0.5% Fines |
|---|---|
| Moisture | 8% -9 % |
| Oil Content | 7% – 8% |
Meal Conditioning and Bagging
The sesame de-oiled meal obtained from the DT discharged at 110°C will be cooled to 10°C above the ambient temperature. This cooled meal contains some quantity of lumps around 10% to 15% based on the operation and quality of steam. These lumps are sieved out and grinded to the specific size of sieve. This is the final product which called de-oiled sesame meal. This will be bagged in 50 to 75 kg through an automatic bagging machine.
Specifications of Solvent Extracted Sesame Oil:
| Specifications | Sesame Oil |
|---|---|
| Moisture | 10 – 11% |
| Residual oil in cake | <1% |
| Protein | 38% – 48% |
| Temp after conditioning | + 100C above ambient |
| POP test | Negative |
Sesame Seed Solvent Extraction Plant Process
- Meal Desolventization
- Miscella Distillation System
- Condensation and Solvent Recovery
- Recuperation (Absorption and Desorption) Unit
